George white



G. WHITE.

(No Model.)

FOG HORN.

Patented Feb. 15, 1887-.

N. PETERS, Photo-Lillmgraplmn WahinglolL u.c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE WHITE, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOROF ONE-HALF TOEDMUND H. BUCKNAM, OF SAME PLACE.

FOG-HORN.

SPECIFICATION forming part. of I Jetters Patent No. 357,802, datedFebruary 15, 1887.

Application filed February 24, 1856. Serial No. 193.0%: (No mode To (LZZwhmn it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE WHITE, of the city and county of SanFrancisco, State of California, have invented an Improvement inFog-Horns; and Ihereby declare the following to be afull, clear, andexact description of the same.

My invention relates to certain improve ments in fog-horns, such as areused on vessels [c and at other points during foggy weather.

It consists of a chamber having a mouthpiece at one end, an organ orother reed adjustably fitted to the opposite end, and an intermediatechamber or chambers with tortuous r 5 passages and screeiropenings,through which the air reaches the reed from the mouthpiece, and, inconnection with this, of a secondary perforated chamber, which may befilled with sponge or other porous moisture-absorbing 2o material.

Referring to the accompanying drawings for a more complete explanationof my invention, Figure l is a longitudinal vertical section on the line00 x of Fig. 2, taken transversely across t-he'reed and interiorchambers. Fig. 2

is a longitudinal section of the foghorncomplete. Fig. 3 is alongitudinal section on the line 3 y of Fig. 1,taken longitudinallythrough the reed and the interior chamber.

' 0 In the construction of horns for the abovementioned and otherpurposes, it is usual tofix a reed directly inside the mouth-piece, and

the reed thus placed is subjected to the action of agreat amount ofmoisture from the breath,

which is apt to corrode and is also very apt to become clogged onaccount of the propensity of sailors to chew tobacco, particles of whichbecome blown into the reed, thus preventing its action. In order toprotect the reed from 40 these difficulties, I place it in a chambersituated at a considerable distance from the mouth-piece.

In the present case. A is a chamber of considerable length, fixed at theupper end of the.

horn,having a mouth-piece,B,fitted to one end.

In the lower end of this chamber is a disk or diaphragm,C, having abeveled guide or channel, D, extending across it for the reception of anordinary organreed, E. The exterior of the chamberis perforated at thispoint and provided with a screw-cap, A, which may be taken off, thusexposing the end of the reed, which is thus easily drawn from thechamber and its guide for repairs and for cleaning. From the guide D, inwhich the reed is held, a tube, F, extends upward, this tube beingelliptical in shape and corresponding with an opening in the diaphragmat the back of the guide, having a length equal to the reed. The tubeextends upward into asnrrounding oval cham- 6o ber, G, the upper part ofwhich is closed tight by a cap, G. Upon the bottom of this chamber,surrounding the tube F, is a perforated screen, H, situated at a littledistance from the diaphragm or plate C carrying the med 6-; guide. Thediaphraglns or disks 0 and H fit closely inside the exteriorchamber,A,and the chamber G projects upward into the chamber A. asshown, there being a space around each side of it, so that when air isblown into the chamber A through the mouthpiece it passes down throughthe perforated gauze screen H, thence upward into the chamber G, anddown through the elliptical tube F, so as to pass through the reed andthence into the trumpet end of the horn. By thus causing the air to passthrough a tortuous passage it is relieved of considerable moisture, andany solid particles which may be blown into the chamber A will be caughtand detained upon the perforated diaphragm H.

' In order to still further protect the appara *tus from solid matter,and to deprive the air I of a considerable portion of the moisture Whichis ordinarily carried by the breat-l1,I fit a short tubular chamber,Lintothe upper part of the chamber A,just inside of the mouth-piece. Thesides of this chamber, and the bottom, if desired, are perforated withholes, and its interior isifilled with sponge or other porous ma- 9oterial,which will absorb and retain the moisture which is blown intoit,while at the same time allowing air to pass through it freely forthepurposeofoperatingthereed. Bythiscon-. struction I am enabled toovercome most of 95 the objections which have hitherto arisen to thisclass of devices.

Having thus described my invention, whatI claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. Au exterior chamber having a mouth piece at one end and a reed fittedat the other,

in combination with a tube extending inwardly'from the reed, asurrounding chamber with the top and sides closed, and a perforateddiaphragm or screen opening at the bottom, arranged in the air-passage,substantially as herein described.

2. In a fog-horn, the exterior chamber having a mouth-piece at one end,a disk or diaphragm closing the opposite end, and a guide extendingtransversely across the disk,in combination with a reed removably fittedto said holder, substantially as herein described.

8. In a horn, a chamber having a mouthpiece at one end and a diaphragmclosing the opposite end,and a guide into which a reed may be removablyfitted, the diaphragm being perforated at the back of the guide for thead-.

mission of air, in combination with a cap fitted to the side of theexterior chamber opposite the end of the reed, substantially as hereindescribed.

4. In ahorn, an exterior chamber having a mouth-piece at one end and areed fitted into the opposite end, in combination with a supplementalcylinder or chamber fitted into the exterior chamber near themouth-piece, said chamber beingperforated and filled with aspongymaterial, substantially as herein described.

5. In a horn, an exterior chamber having a mouth-piece at one end, theother end closed by a diaphragm or disk, a guide fitted transversely ofsaid disk,in which a reed is removably fitted, a perforation in thediaphragm corresponding with the reed and having a tube extendinginwardly from it, and an inclosingchamber for said tube with aperforated dia phragm or disk forming its lower cnd,through which airmay enter from the exterior chamber,

in combination with a cylindrical perforated chamber, fitted nearthemouth-piece and containing a spongy substance, substantially asherein described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

GEORGE WHITE.

Witnesses:

S. H. NOURSE, H. 0. LEE.

